The study of quantum transport in nanomaterials has become a large and exciting field due to the unique properties that arise from quantum mechanical effects. Using experimental variables such as temperature, field-effect gates, or magnetic fields, one can tune the properties of quantum materials through a wide range of behaviors, and many of these properties can be identified and characterized using the quantum Hall effect (QHE) measurement technique.
In this new app note, we describe the fundamentals of acquiring and analyzing QHE data, such as a Landau fan, using a bilayer graphene (BLG) sample as a platform, while also demonstrating the ease of performing QHE measurements using our M81-SSM synchronous source measure system.
We cover step by step how this is done by:
- Wiring the instrumentation to a multi-gated Hall bar device for measurement in a cryostat
- Converting gate voltage to carrier density
- Extracting energy states degeneracies
- Extracting Hall, field effect, and quantum mobilities
